Authentication Protocol Security - Command Packet (Page 3 of 7 ) Once the authentication is complete, the client begins sending commands to the server using command packets. The body of a command packet is documented in Table 4-6. Table 4-6. Format of client command packet | Offset in the body | Length | Description |
|---|
| 0 | 1 | Command code. | | 1 | For the noncompressed packet, total packet length from the header – 1. For the compressed packet, the compressed body length – 1. | The argument of the command, if present. |
The command codes are contained in enum server_command , defined in include/mysql_com.h. The command-handling logic can be found in the switch statement of dispatch_command() in sql/sql_parse.cc. Table 4-7 documents different types of commands with their codes and arguments. Table 4-7. Client commands | Command code enum value | Code numeric value | Argument description | Command description |
|---|
| COM_SLEEP | 0 | No argument. | Never sent by a client. Reserved for internal use. | | COM_QUIT | 1 | No argument. | Tells the server to end the session. Issued by the client API call mysql_close() . | | COM_INIT_DB | 2 | A string containing the name of the database. | Tells the server to change the default database for the session to the one specified by the argument. Issued by the client API call mysql_select_db() . | | COM_QUERY | 3 | A string containing the query. | Tells the server to run the query. Issued by the client API call mysql_query() . | | COM_FIELD_LIST | 4 | A string containing the name of the table. | Tells the server to return a list of fields for the specified table. This is an obsolete command still supported onthe server for compatibility with old clients. Newer clients use the SHOW FIELDS query. | | COM_CREATE_DB | 5 | A string containing the name of the database. | Tells the server to create a database with the specified name. This is an obsolete command still supported on the server for compatibility with old clients. Newer clients use the CREATE DATABASE query. | | COM_DROP_DB | 6 | A string containing the name of the database. | Tells the server to drop the database with the specified name. This is an obsolete command still supported on the server for compatibility with old clients. Newer clients use the DROP DATABASE query. |
Table 4-7. Client commands (continued) | Command code enum value | Code numeric value | Argument description | Command description |
|---|
| COM_REFRESH | 7 | A byte containing the bit mask of reloading operations. | Tells the server to refresh the table cache, rotate the logs, reread the access control tables, clear the host name lookup cache, reset the status variables to 0, clear the replication master logs, or reset the replication slave depending on the options in the bit mask. Issued by the client API call mysql_refresh() . | | COM_SHUTDOWN | 8 | No argument. | Tells the server to shut down. Issued by the client API call mysql_shutdown() . | | COM_STATISTICS | 9 | No argument. | Tells the server to send back a string containing a brief status report. Issued by the client API call mysql_stat() . | | COM_PROCESS_ | 10 | No argument. | Tells the server to send back a report on the status of all running threads. This is an obsolete command still supported on the server for compatibility with old clients. Newer clients use the SHOWPROCESSLIST query. | | COM_CONNECT | 11 | No argument. | Never sent by a client. Used for internal purposes. | | COM_PROCESS_ | 12 | A 4-byte integer with the low byte first containing the MySQL ID of the thread to be terminated. | Tells the server to terminate the thread identified by the argument. Issued by the client API call mysql_kill() . This is an obsolete command still supported on the server for compatibility with old clients. Newer clients use the KILL query. | | COM_DEBUG | 13 | No argument. | Tells the server to dump some debugging information into its error log. Issued by the client API call mysql_dump_
debug_info() . | | COM_PING | 14 | No argument. | Tells the server to respond with an OK packet. If the server is alive and reachable, it will. Issued by the client API call mysql_ping() . |
Table 4-7. Client commands (continued) Command code | | | | enum value | Code numeric value | Argument description | Command description | COM_TIME | 15 | No argument. | Never sent by a client. Used for internal purposes. | COM_DELAYED_ | 16 | No argument. | Never sent by a client. Used for internal purposes. | COM_CHANGE_USER | 17 | A byte sequence in the following format: zero-terminated user name, encrypted password, zero-terminated default database name. | Tells the server the client wants to change the user associated with this session. Issued by the client API call mysql_change_user(). | COM_BINLOG_DUMP | 18 | A byte sequence in the following format: 4-byte integer for the offset, 2-byte integer for the flags, 4-byte integer for the slave server ID, and a string for the log name. All integers are formatted with the low byte first. | Tells the server to send a continuous feed of the replication master log events starting at the specified offset in the specified log. Used by the replication slave, and in the mysqlbinlog command-line utility. | COM_TABLE_DUMP | 19 | A byte sequence in the following format: 1 byte for database name length, database name, 1 byte for table name length, table name. | Tells the server to send the table definition and data to the client in raw format. Used when a replication slave receives a LOAD DATAFROMMASTERquery. | COM_CONNECT_OUT | 20 | No argument. | Never sent by a client. Used for internal purposes. | COM_REGISTER_
SLAVE | 21 | A byte sequence in the following format: a 4-byte integer for the server ID, then a sequence of 1 byte-length prefixed strings in the following order: slave host name, slave user to connect as, slave user password. Then a 2-byte slave user port, 4-byte replication recovery rank, and another 4-byte field that is currently unused. All integers have the low byte first. | Tells the replication master server to register the slave using the information supplied in the argument. THis command is a remnant of the started fail-safe replication project. It was introduced in the early version 4.0, but not much has changed since. It is possible that this commange might get removed in the future versions. | COM_PREPARE | 22 | A string containing the statement. | Tells the server to prepare the statement specified by the argument. Issued by the client API call mysql_stmt_prepare(). New in version 4.1. | COM_EXECUTE | 23 | A byte sequence in the following format: 4-byte statement ID, 1 byte for flags, and 4-byte iteration count. All integers have the low byte first. | Tells the server to execute the statement referenced by the statement ID. Issued by the client API call mysql_stmt_execute(). New in version 4.1. |
Table 4-7. Client commands (continued) Command code | | | | enum value | Code numeric value | Argument description | Command description | COM_LONG_DATA | 24 | A byte sequence in the following format: 4 byte statement ID, 2 byte parameter number, parameter string. Both integers have the low byte first. | Tells the server the packet contains the data for one bound parameter in a prepared statement. Used to avoid unnecessary copying of a large amount of data when the value of the bound parameter is very long. Issued by the client API call mysql_stmt_send_
long_data(). New in version 4.1. | COM_CLOSE_STMT | 25 | 4-byte statement ID with the low byte first. | Tells the server to close the prepared statement specified by the statement ID. Issued by the client API call mysql_stmt_close(). New in version 4.1. | COM_RESET_STMT | 26 | 4-byte statement ID with the low byte first. | Tells the server to discard the current parameter values in the prepared statement specified by the statement ID that may have been set with COM_LONG_DATA. Issued by the client API call mysql_stmt_reset(). New in version 4.1. | COM_SET_OPTION | 27 | 2-byte code for the option, low byte first. | Tells the server to enable or disable the option specified by the code. At this point, seems to be used only to enable or disable the support of multiple statements in one query string. Issued by the client API call mysql_set_server_
option(). New in version 4.1. | COM_END | 28 | No argument. | Never sent by a client. Used for internal purposes. |
When MySQL developers add a new command, to keep the backward compatibility for the older clients, all new commands are added immediately before COM_END in the enum server_command . Adding it anywhere else would alter the numeric codes of the commands and thus break all of the commands after the point of the insertion in older clients. This requirement allows us to easily track the history of features to a certain extent. For example, we can tell that prepared statements were added after replication because COM_PREPARE follows COM_BINLOG_DUMP . Next: Server Responses >>
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More By O'Reilly Media |  This article is excerpted from the book Understanding MySQL Internals, written by Sasha Pachev (O'Reilly, 2007; ISBN: 0596009577). Check it out today at your favorite bookstore. Buy this book now.
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